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U.S. Scientists Find Famous Viking Site in Iceland

September 16, 2002 07:45 PM ET

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By Gina Keating

LOS ANGELES (Reuters) - California archeologists have discovered a Viking Age farm in northern Iceland that may have been home to Snorri Thorfinnsson, the first European child born in North America and a hero in Norse folk legends, the University of California Los Angeles announced on Monday.

The discovery of the 1,000-year-old farmhouse caps two years of digging by a UCLA-led team of 15 archeologists in a hay field outside the seaside town of Saudarkrokur, a university spokeswoman said.

Last year, the team uncovered the outlines of the 1,600-square-foot structure built of peat moss bricks. They did so by using geophysical sensing equipment that sends electrical currents through the ground.

The team returned this summer and excavated the site, revealing a fortress-like structure with 5-foot -thick turf walls, floors of compacted earth and charcoal, and interior walls lined by 6-foot-long raised sleeping benches.

The long, narrow structure was discovered about 150 yards east of the Glaumbaer Folk Museum, which explores the history of the farm's earliest recorded occupants, Thorfinnsson and his parents, Gudrud Thorbjarnardottir and Thorfinn Karlsefni.

"When we realized the size and age of the structure, we got really excited, but we didn't dare hope it was anything more than a very old cow barn," said John Steinberg of UCLA's Cotsen Institute of Archeology. "But now it looks as though we may really have found this farmhouse that's been the stuff of legends for nearly a millennium."

According to Viking lore, Thorbjarnardottir and Karlsefni traveled to North America in 1004, following the path of legendary Greenland explorer Leif Eriksson.

VINLAND

Their son was born a year later in a place they called Vinland, which is believed to be in the Canadian province of Newfoundland.

According to "The Vinland Sagas" written some 20 years later, the family, described as the first European settlers in the New World, returned to Iceland after three years and settled in Glaumbaer.

The family apparently became wealthy selling New World goods to Europeans.

Researchers believe the farmhouse's relatively large size -- 95 feet long by about 17 feet wide -- reflects its owners' substantial wealth.

Carbon dating placed the construction period of the house -- built in three phases -- between 976 and 1042. A thin volcanic ash layer from the 1104 volcanic eruption covers the structure and confirms that it was occupied between 1000 and 1100, the researchers said.

"We can't be certain of the name of the home's owners but its age and location are certainly consistent with the Saga description of Snorri's farm," Steinberg said.

Archeologists initially believed that Thorfinnsson's house was buried beneath the walls of the Glaumbaer museum, which occupies one of the oldest standing turf houses in Iceland.

The museum turf house stands on a ridge above the newly discovered farmhouse.

Researchers now believe that the long-lived Snorri Thorfinnsson died at the farmhouse before the family moved up to the house on the ridge in about 1100 -- a watershed period in Viking history.

"Relocating the main farmhouse from low-lying areas to higher ground around 1100 is consistent with a general reorganization of settlements as Iceland moved from a collection of chiefdoms to a more formal state," Steinberg said.



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